Understanding and Caring for a Diabetic Dog: A Complete Guide

Caring for a Diabetic Dog: A Complete Guide. Canine diabetes is a serious health condition that affects many dogs worldwide. As a pet owner, receiving a diabetes diagnosis for your furry friend can be overwhelming and scary. However, with proper management, care, and love, diabetic dogs can still enjoy a good quality of life. This comprehensive guide covers everything you need to know about canine diabetes, from understanding the basics to providing the best care for your diabetic dog.

Also Read-Training Tips for Stubborn Puppies- Get Results Now!

What is Canine Diabetes? Understanding the Basics of Diabetes in Dogs.

Diabetes mellitus, often simply referred to as diabetes, is a chronic disease that occurs when a dog’s body cannot properly regulate blood sugar levels. There are two types of canine diabetes:

1. Insulin-deficiency diabetes (Type 1): This is the most common type in dogs, where the pancreas fails to produce enough insulin.
2. Insulin-resistance diabetes (Type 2): Less common in dogs, this type occurs when the body produces insulin but doesn’t use it effectively.

Insulin is a hormone that helps move glucose (sugar) from the bloodstream into the cells, where it’s used for energy. Without enough insulin or with insulin resistance, glucose builds up in the blood, leading to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).

Symptoms of Diabetes in Dogs: Recognizing the Early Warning Signs.

Recognizing the early warning signs of diabetes is crucial for prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Common symptoms include:

• Increased thirst and urination
• Weight loss despite normal or increased appetite
• Lethargy and weakness
• Recurrent infections (urinary tract, skin, etc.)
• Cloudy eyes (cataracts)

If you notice any of these symptoms, schedule a veterinary appointment right away.

Diagnosing Diabetes in Dogs: Tests and Procedures to Expect

Your veterinarian will perform a thorough physical exam and run blood and urine tests to diagnose diabetes. These tests measure blood glucose levels and check for glucose in the urine. In some cases, additional tests like a fructosamine test may be recommended to gauge longer-term blood sugar control.

Insulin Therapy for Diabetic Dogs: How It Works and What to Expect.

The mainstay of treatment for canine diabetes is insulin therapy. Your dog will need insulin injections, usually twice a day, to regulate blood sugar levels. Your vet will determine the appropriate type and dose of insulin based on your dog’s needs.Administering insulin may seem daunting at first, but with practice and guidance from your vet, it will soon become a routine. Consistency is key – always give injections at the same time each day and follow your vet’s instructions closely.

Insulin Pen Devices for Diabetic Dogs: Pros, Cons, and How to Use Them.

Insulin Pen Devices are an alternative to traditional syringes for administering insulin. They are pre-filled, dial-a-dose pens that can be more convenient and less intimidating than syringes. However, they may be more expensive and not suitable for all dogs. Your vet can help you decide if an insulin pen is right for your dog and teach you how to use it properly.

Advantages of Insulin Pens for Diabetic Dogs.

• Enhanced ease of use compared to syringes, particularly for individuals with dexterity challenges, visual impairments, or limited hand strength, such as elderly or young users.
• Improved dosing accuracy, especially for smaller insulin doses, reducing the risk of over- or under-dosing.
• Increased portability and discretion, as pens are compact and can be easily carried in a pocket or purse.
• Time-saving convenience with disposable, prefilled pens that eliminate the need for drawing insulin from a vial.
• Built-in memory functions in some models that track the time and amount of the last dose administered.
• Color-coded designs and distinctive appearances to help users quickly identify the type of insulin being used.

Disadvantages of Insulin Pens for Diabetic Dogs.

• Higher costs compared to traditional syringes and insulin vials.
• Limited insurance coverage for insulin pens, which may result in higher out-of-pocket expenses for some users.
• Requirement for separate pen needles, adding to the overall cost and management of supplies.
• Increased risk of misplacing or losing the pen due to its small size.
• Potential need for a second injection if the insulin remaining in the pen is insufficient for the required dose.

Step-by-Step Guide for Using Insulin Pens for Diabetic Dogs.

1. Begin by removing the pen cap and attaching a new pen needle to the device.
2. Prime the pen by dialing a small dose (1-2 units) and pressing the plunger until a drop of insulin is visible at the needle tip.
3. Use the dosage selector to dial the prescribed insulin dose for your dog.
4. Gently pinch and lift a fold of your dog’s skin, typically on the back or side, to create a tent-like shape.
5. Insert the needle into the folded skin and fully depress the injection button to administer the insulin.
6. Keep the needle in place beneath the skin for 5-10 seconds before withdrawing it to ensure complete insulin delivery.
7. Carefully remove the used needle and dispose of it in a designated sharps container.
8. Replace the pen cap and store the device according to the manufacturer’s instructions, typically in the refrigerator.

In conclusion, insulin pen devices provide a more user-friendly, accurate, and portable option for delivering insulin to diabetic dogs compared to traditional syringes. However, the increased cost and ongoing need for pen needles should be taken into account.

Proper injection technique, including pinching the skin, holding the needle in place, and safely disposing of used needles, is crucial for effective insulin administration with pen devices. It is always recommended to consult with a veterinarian when considering transitioning a diabetic dog from syringes to an insulin pen device to ensure a smooth and successful transition.

Managing Your Diabetic Dog’s Diet: Best Foods and Feeding Schedules.

Diet plays a crucial role in managing canine diabetes. The goal is to maintain stable blood sugar levels and promote a healthy weight. Your vet may recommend a high-fiber, low-fat diet that releases glucose slowly and steadily.

Diabetic Dog Food.

Several commercial diabetic dog foods are available, or you can prepare a homemade diet under your vet’s supervision. Look for brands that are high in fiber, low in fat, and have complex carbohydrates like whole grains. If preparing a homemade diet, work closely with your vet to ensure it meets all of your dog’s nutritional needs.Stick to a consistent feeding schedule, usually two meals a day, timed with insulin injections. Avoid giving table scraps and sugary treats that can disrupt blood sugar control.

Low-Glycemic Dog Treats.

When choosing treats for your diabetic dog, opt for Low-Glycemic Options that won’t cause rapid spikes in blood sugar. Some good choices include:

• Fresh vegetables like green beans, carrots, and broccoli
• Small pieces of lean meat like chicken or turkey
• Low-fat, high-fiber dog biscuits

You can also make your own diabetic dog treats at home using recipes that incorporate ingredients like whole wheat flour, oatmeal, and unsweetened applesauce.

Exercising Your Diabetic Dog: Benefits, Precautions, and Tips.

Regular exercise is important for all dogs but especially beneficial for diabetic dogs. It helps regulate blood sugar, maintain a healthy weight, and improve insulin sensitivity. However, exercise also carries some risks, such as hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). 

Work with your vet to develop an appropriate exercise plan based on your dog’s fitness level and diabetes control. Consistency is important – aim for similar duration and intensity of exercise each day. Always carry a source of fast-acting sugar, like honey or glucose gel, in case of hypoglycemia.

Exercise is a crucial part of managing your diabetic dog’s health, just like insulin and diet. Here’s a breakdown of the why, how, and when to get your pup moving safely:

Benefits of Exercise:

• Blood Sugar Control: Exercise helps your dog’s body utilize glucose (blood sugar) for energy, making insulin more effective.
• Weight Management: Maintaining a healthy weight is vital for diabetic dogs. Exercise helps burn calories and keeps them trim.
• Overall Health: Regular exercise improves your dog’s cardiovascular health, muscle tone, and mental well-being.

Precautions to Consider:

• Blood Sugar Monitoring: Diabetic dogs can experience fluctuations in blood sugar levels due to exercise. Talk to your vet about monitoring your dog’s blood sugar before, during, and after exercise.
• Consistent Routine: Just like with meals and insulin, keeping a consistent exercise routine is essential. This helps predict blood sugar responses and avoid surprises.
• Gradual Increase: Don’t jump into intense workouts. Gradually increase the duration and intensity of exercise to prevent strain or hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
• Avoid High-Impact Activities: Activities like fetch or frisbee can cause sudden spikes or drops in blood sugar. Opt for steadier exercises like walks, swimming, or gentle playtime.
• Monitor for Signs: Be aware of signs of low blood sugar, such as lethargy, weakness, or tremors. If you notice these, have a vet-prescribed treatment on hand, like a glucose paste.

Tips for Safe Exercise:

• Talk to Your Vet: Discuss an appropriate exercise plan for your dog’s breed, age, overall health, and diabetes management.
• Time it Right: Exercise around mealtimes or after consulting your vet for the best timing for your dog’s specific needs.
• Stay Hydrated: Bring water on walks and provide ample hydration after exercise.
• Warm Up and Cool Down: Just like humans, a short warm-up before exercise and a cool-down afterward help prevent injuries.
• Listen to Your Dog: Pay attention to your dog’s energy levels. If they seem tired, take a break.

Remember: Exercise is a great way to keep your diabetic dog happy and healthy. By following these tips and working with your veterinarian, you can create a safe and effective exercise routine for your furry friend.

Must Read-Natural Flea Treatment for Dogs: Effective Solutions for a Flea

Monitoring Blood Sugar Levels in Diabetic Dogs: Techniques and Tools.

Regularly monitoring your diabetic dog’s blood sugar levels is essential for ensuring good diabetes control and catching problems early. Your vet may recommend a portable blood glucose meter for home testing or periodic checks at the clinic.Keep a log of your dog’s blood sugar readings, insulin doses, appetite, and any symptoms. This information helps your vet adjust the treatment plan as needed.

Fructosamine Testing for Diabetic Dogs: An Alternative to Blood Glucose Curves.

In addition to regular blood glucose monitoring, your vet may recommend periodic fructosamine tests. This blood test measures the average blood sugar level over the past 2-3 weeks, providing a more long-term picture of diabetes control. It can be a useful complement to daily blood glucose readings.

Hypoglycemia in Diabetic Dogs: Causes, Symptoms, and Emergency Care.

Hypoglycemia, also known as low blood sugar, is a serious condition that can affect diabetic dogs. It occurs when the body’s blood sugar levels drop below a normal range. Early intervention is crucial to prevent complications.

Causes of Hypoglycemia in Diabetic Dogs:

• Too Much Insulin: This is the most common cause. If an incorrect dose of insulin is administered, it can lead to a blood sugar drop.
• Missed or Delayed Meal: Diabetic dogs rely on a consistent schedule of food intake to maintain blood sugar levels. Skipping or delaying a meal can cause hypoglycemia.
• Increased Exercise: While exercise is generally beneficial, excessive exertion can use up glucose stores faster than usual, leading to hypoglycemia.
• Underlying Medical Conditions: Certain illnesses like liver or kidney disease can affect how the body regulates blood sugar.

Symptoms of Hypoglycemia in Diabetic Dogs:

The signs of hypoglycemia can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Here are some common symptoms to watch for:

• Early Signs:
  • Lethargy or weakness
  • Loss of appetite
  • Disorientation or confusion
  • Tremors or shivering
• Advanced Signs:
  • Seizures
  • Difficulty walking or standing
  • Coma

Emergency Care for Hypoglycemia in Diabetic Dogs:

If you suspect your dog has hypoglycemia, act quickly. Here’s what to do:

1. Check Blood Sugar (if possible): If you have a home blood sugar monitor, use it to confirm hypoglycemia.
2. Administer a Fast-Acting Sugar Source: If your veterinarian has prescribed a treatment like a glucose paste or gel, administer the recommended dose according to their instructions.
3. Apply Honey or Karo Syrup (in a pinch): If you don’t have prescribed treatment, a small amount of honey or Karo syrup applied to the gums can provide a temporary sugar boost.
4. Contact Your Veterinarian Immediately: Regardless of whether you administer a treatment, call your veterinarian right away for further guidance and monitoring.

Remember: Early intervention is key. By recognizing the signs and taking swift action, you can help prevent serious complications from hypoglycemia in your diabetic dog. Note: This information is for general awareness only and shouldn’t replace professional veterinary advice. Always consult your veterinarian for any diabetic dog’s specific needs and treatment plans.

Ketoacidosis in Diabetic Dogs:

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a severe complication that occurs when the body starts breaking down fat for energy, producing ketones that acidify the blood. DKA can be triggered by factors like untreated diabetes, insulin resistance, pancreatitis, and infections. Symptoms include vomiting, dehydration, rapid breathing, and sweet-smelling breath. DKA is a medical emergency that requires immediate veterinary care.

Cataracts in Diabetic Dogs: Prevention, Surgery, and Aftercare.

About 75% of diabetic dogs develop cataracts within the first year of diagnosis. High blood sugar causes changes in the lens of the eye, leading to opacity and blindness. While there’s no surefire way to prevent diabetic cataracts, keeping blood sugar well-controlled may slow their progression. 

Cataract surgery can restore vision in many cases. The procedure involves removing the cloudy lens and replacing it with an artificial one. Aftercare includes eye drops, oral medications, and follow-up exams. With proper care, most dogs recover well and regain vision.

Cataracts are a clouding of the lens inside the eye, leading to vision loss. Diabetic dogs are more prone to developing cataracts compared to healthy dogs. Here’s what you need to know about preventing, treating, and caring for cataracts in your diabetic canine companion.

Prevention:

Unfortunately, there’s no guaranteed way to prevent cataracts. However, good diabetic management is crucial. Here are some ways to help:

• Strict Blood Sugar Control: Maintaining your dog’s blood sugar levels within the target range recommended by your veterinarian can significantly reduce the risk of cataracts.
• Healthy Diet: A balanced diet formulated for diabetic dogs helps regulate blood sugar and promotes overall health.
• Regular Eye Exams: Schedule regular checkups with your veterinarian, including eye examinations, to detect cataracts early on.

Surgery:

Cataract surgery is the only effective treatment for restoring vision in dogs with cataracts. Here’s what to expect:

• Pre-Surgical Evaluation: A veterinary ophthalmologist (eye specialist) will perform a comprehensive examination to assess your dog’s suitability for surgery.
• Surgical Procedure: Cataract surgery involves removing the clouded lens and replacing it with an artificial one. It’s generally an outpatient procedure.
• Anesthesia Considerations: Since diabetic dogs may have additional health concerns, the vet will use special anesthetic protocols to ensure safety.

Aftercare:

Following surgery, proper aftercare is critical for a successful recovery and optimal outcomes:

• Elizabethan Collar (E-Collar): Your dog will likely need to wear an E-collar (cone) to prevent them from rubbing or scratching their eye during healing.
• Medications: Eye drops with antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications will be prescribed to prevent infection and inflammation.
• Restricted Activity: Limiting strenuous activity for a designated period allows the eye to heal properly.
• Follow-Up Appointments: Schedule regular follow-up appointments with your veterinarian to monitor progress and ensure proper healing.

Potential Complications:

While cataract surgery is generally safe and effective, some potential complications exist, like:

• Infection: This is a risk with any surgery. Proper aftercare with prescribed medications helps minimize this risk.
• Uveitis: Inflammation within the eye can occur. Prompt treatment with medication is essential.
• Glaucoma: Increased pressure within the eye can develop. Regular checkups allow for early detection and management.

Urinary Tract Infections in Diabetic Dogs: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment.

Diabetic dogs are more susceptible to urinary tract infections (UTIs) compared to healthy dogs. Here’s a breakdown of why UTIs are more common in diabetic pups, the signs to watch for, and how to get your furry friend feeling better.

Why are Diabetic Dogs Prone to UTIs?

There are two main reasons why diabetes increases the risk of UTIs in dogs:

• Sugar Buffet: Diabetic dogs have excess glucose (sugar) in their urine. This sugary environment acts like a buffet for bacteria, allowing them to grow more easily in the urinary tract.
• Weakened Immune System: Diabetes can weaken the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off bacterial infections, including UTIs.

Symptoms of UTIs in Diabetic Dogs:

While some dogs might show no signs, here are some common symptoms of UTIs in diabetic dogs to be aware of:

• Urinary Frequency: Your dog may urinate more frequently, even in small amounts.
• Straining to Urinate: They might struggle or seem uncomfortable while urinating.
• Bloody or Cloudy Urine: Blood or cloudiness in the urine can indicate a UTI or other problems.
• Urinary Incontinence: Urinary leakage might be a sign, especially in older dogs.
• Changes in Behavior: Discomfort or pain can lead to behavioral changes like whining, licking the genitals, or becoming withdrawn.

Diagnosis and Treatment of UTIs in Diabetic Dogs:

If you suspect your dog has a UTI, a trip to the veterinarian is essential. Here’s what to expect:

• Urinalysis: This test analyzes the urine for the presence of white blood cells, bacteria, or other abnormalities.
• Urine Culture: A urine culture grows any bacteria present to identify the specific type and determine the most effective antibiotic treatment.
• Blood Sugar Management: The vet will address any blood sugar control issues that might be contributing to the UTI.

Treatment Options:

UTIs are typically treated with antibiotics based on the identified bacteria. Here’s what the vet might recommend:

• Oral Antibiotics: These are the most common form, administered for a specific duration based on the severity of the infection.
• Intravenous (IV) Antibiotics: For severe infections, hospitalization and IV antibiotics might be necessary.

Preventing UTIs in Diabetic Dogs:

While UTIs can happen, here are some ways to help reduce the risk for your diabetic dog:

• Maintain Good Blood Sugar Control: Consistent blood sugar management is crucial for overall health and reducing UTI risk.
• Encourage Hydration: Make sure your dog has access to plenty of fresh water throughout the day.
• Promote Regular Urination: Take your dog out frequently to allow them to empty their bladder fully.
• Consider Supplements: Some veterinarians might recommend cranberry extract or other supplements to promote urinary tract health, but discuss this with your vet first.

Neuropathy in Diabetic Dogs: Managing Weakness and Muscle Atrophy.

Diabetic Neuropathy is a type of nerve damage that can occur in poorly-controlled diabetes. It most commonly affects the hind legs, causing weakness, muscle wasting, and difficulty walking. Neuropathy is not reversible, but it can be managed with the following:

• Strict blood sugar control to prevent further damage
• Physical therapy to maintain muscle strength and function
• Assistive devices like slings or carts for mobility support
• Pain management with medications like gabapentin

Skin Conditions in Diabetic Dogs: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options.

Diabetic dogs are more susceptible to Skin Problems due to reduced immunity and circulation. Common issues include:

• Bacterial infections like pyoderma
• Fungal infections like yeast dermatitis
• Dry, flaky skin
• Slow wound healing

Treatment depends on the specific condition but may include antibiotics, antifungals, medicated shampoos, and topical treatments. Keeping blood sugar well-controlled and maintaining good hygiene can help prevent skin problems.

Oral Health and Diabetes in Dogs: Risks, Prevention, and Care.

Diabetes can increase the risk of dental disease in dogs. High blood sugar promotes bacterial growth, leading to plaque buildup, gum inflammation, and tooth decay. Dental disease, in turn, can worsen diabetes control by causing chronic inflammation.

To protect your diabetic dog’s oral health:

• Brush their teeth daily with a soft-bristled toothbrush and pet-safe toothpaste
• Provide dental chews and toys to help remove plaque
• Schedule regular dental cleanings with your vet
• Watch for signs of dental problems like bad breath, drooling, and difficulty eating

Kidney Disease and Diabetes in Dogs: A Complicated Health Challenge.

Kidney disease is a common complication of diabetes in dogs. High blood sugar can damage the kidneys over time, leading to reduced function and even failure. Conversely, kidney disease can make diabetes harder to control by increasing insulin resistance.If your diabetic dog develops kidney disease, they will need careful monitoring and treatment to manage both conditions.

This may involve:

• Adjusting insulin doses and frequency
• Feeding a low-protein, low-phosphorus diet
• Providing fluid therapy to support kidney function
• Medications to control nausea, vomiting, and other symptoms

Liver Disease in Diabetic Dogs: Risks, Diagnosis, and Management.

Diabetes can also affect the liver, particularly if blood sugar is poorly controlled. Insulin resistance and fat buildup in the liver (hepatic lipidosis) are common issues. Liver disease can cause symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, weight loss, and jaundice.If liver problems are suspected, your vet may recommend blood tests, ultrasound, or biopsy to diagnose the specific condition.

Treatment may include:

• Adjusting insulin therapy to improve blood sugar control
• Feeding a liver-supportive diet low in copper and high in antioxidants
• Medications like SAMe, ursodiol, or antibiotics
• Vitamin E and other supplements to support liver health

Cardiovascular Disease and Diabetes in Dogs: Protecting Your Pet’s Heart.

Diabetes can increase the risk of heart disease in dogs, particularly if other risk factors like obesity, high blood pressure, or kidney disease are present.

High blood sugar can damage blood vessels and nerves, leading to conditions like:

• Cardiomyopathy (weakened heart muscle)
• Congestive heart failure
• Arrhythmias (abnormal heart rhythms)

To Protect Your Diabetic Dog’s Heart Health:

• Keep blood sugar, blood pressure, and weight well-controlled
• Provide a balanced, low-sodium diet
• Ensure regular exercise and activity
• Schedule regular heart check-ups with your vet, including listening to the heart and performing tests like ECG or echocardiogram if needed

Caring for Your Senior Diabetic Dog: Special Considerations and Tips

Diabetes often develops in older dogs, presenting unique challenges. Senior dogs may have other health issues like arthritis, cognitive decline, or vision loss that complicate diabetes management.Tailor your senior dog’s care plan to their individual needs.

This may include:

• Adjusting insulin doses and frequency to account for changes in metabolism and activity level
• Feeding a senior-specific diet that is lower in calories and fat but still meets nutritional needs
• Providing joint supplements, orthopedic bedding, and other support for arthritis
• Using ramps, stairs, or harnesses to assist with mobility
• Offering mental stimulation and enrichment to keep the mind sharp
• Scheduling more frequent check-ups with your vet to monitor for age-related health problems

Preventing Diabetes in Dogs: Risk Factors and Lifestyle Changes

While not all cases of diabetes are preventable, you can take steps to reduce your dog’s risk:

• Maintain a Healthy Weight through proper diet and exercise. Obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes.
• Feed a High-Quality, Balanced Diet appropriate for your dog’s life stage. Avoid table scraps and excessive treats.
• Ensure Regular Exercise and Activity. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise per day, depending on your dog’s age and fitness level.
• Schedule Regular Check-Ups with your vet to catch health problems early. This is especially important for senior dogs and breeds prone to diabetes.

Obesity and Diabetes in Dogs: Understanding the Connection

Obesity is a significant risk factor for diabetes in dogs. Excess body fat can lead to insulin resistance, making it harder for the body to use insulin effectively. This can cause blood sugar levels to rise, eventually leading to diabetes. 

To prevent obesity and reduce diabetes risk:

• Feed a balanced, portion-controlled diet
• Limit treats and table scraps
• Provide regular exercise and playtime
• Monitor your dog’s weight regularly and adjust food intake as needed
• Work with your vet to develop a weight loss plan if your dog is already overweight

Pancreatitis and Diabetes in Dogs: A Dangerous Combination

Pancreatitis, or inflammation of the pancreas, is a painful and potentially life-threatening condition that is more common in diabetic dogs. The pancreas produces insulin, so damage from pancreatitis can disrupt blood sugar control. Conversely, high blood sugar can also trigger pancreatitis.

Symptoms of pancreatitis include:

• Vomiting
• Abdominal pain
• Loss of appetite
• Diarrhea
• Fever
• Dehydration

If you suspect pancreatitis, contact your vet immediately. Treatment may include hospitalization, IV fluids, pain relief, anti-nausea medications, and temporary insulin adjustments.

To prevent pancreatitis in diabetic dogs:

• Avoid high-fat foods and treats
• Feed a consistent, balanced diet
• Maintain good blood sugar control
• Minimize stress and anxiety
• Schedule regular check-ups with your vet

Cushing’s Disease and Diabetes in Dogs: Diagnosis and Treatment

Cushing’s disease, or hyperadrenocorticism, is a hormonal disorder that can occur alongside diabetes in dogs. It happens when the body produces too much cortisol, a stress hormone that raises blood sugar. Cushing’s can make diabetes harder to control and may require additional treatment.

Symptoms of Cushing’s disease include:

• Increased thirst and urination
• Increased appetite
• Panting
• Hair loss
• Pot-bellied appearance
• Muscle weakness

Diagnosis involves blood tests, urine tests, and sometimes imaging like ultrasound or CT scan. Treatment typically includes medications like trilostane or mitotane to reduce cortisol production, along with adjustments to insulin therapy.

Diabetic Dog Emergencies: When to Seek Immediate Veterinary Care

Certain complications of diabetes can be life-threatening and require immediate veterinary attention. These include:

• Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA): Symptoms include vomiting, dehydration, rapid breathing, and sweet-smelling breath. DKA can be fatal without prompt treatment.
• Hypoglycemia: Severe low blood sugar can cause seizures, unconsciousness, and even death if not treated quickly with glucose or honey.
• Insulin overdose: If your dog accidentally receives too much insulin, they may develop dangerous hypoglycemia. Contact yourvet right away for guidance.
• Pancreatitis: Severe abdominal pain, repeated vomiting, and collapse require immediate medical care.
• Infections: Uncontrolled diabetes can weaken the immune system, making dogs more susceptible to serious infections. Seek veterinary care for high fever, lethargy, or other signs of illness.